The Surge of Dollar Inflows: A Look Into Nigeria's Economic Revival
Nigeria's foreign exchange market witnessed a remarkable rebound in December 2025, with dollar inflows surging by 38% to $2.8 billion, according to data released by the Financial Markets Dealers Quotations (FMDQ). This rise in inflows comes as a welcome change from the previous month, which saw a dramatic 67% decline, highlighting the ongoing volatility in Nigeria's economic landscape.
How the Central Bank of Nigeria is Shaping Market Dynamics
The substantial uptick in dollar supply can be attributed to the proactive measures taken by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). The apex bank intensified its presence in the foreign exchange market, increasing its dollar sales from $318 million in November to $654 million in December. Analysts from FBNQuest indicate that this heightened activity was crucial in restoring market liquidity, especially amid a backdrop of declining foreign participation.
Investor Sentiment and Future Prospects
This increase in inflows is tempered by cautious investor sentiment, as highlighted by the modest 7% rise in foreign portfolio investments, totaling $632 million. Analysts suggest that while immediate reactions may seem positive, there remains an overarching caution among investors, particularly as they focus on year-end profit-taking and rebalancing.
Despite this, the analysts at FBNQuest remain optimistic about a revitalization of investor activity in the near future, driven by favorable domestic economic conditions and attractive carry trade opportunities. With the naira closing relatively stable at N1,419.71 against the dollar, fluctuating only slightly in recent trading sessions, investor confidence may begin to solidify as indications of monetary policy shifts emerge.
Understanding the Broader Economic Implications
Looking further ahead, the implications of this rebound extend beyond mere inflows. With Nigeria's foreign reserves witnessing a modest increase to $45.64 billion, the CBN is well-positioned to intervene in exchange rate mechanisms, potentially stabilizing the economy against external shocks. The recent reforms introduced by the CBN, notably the Electronic Foreign Exchange Matching System, are expected to enhance transparency and governance, further solidifying Nigeria's stance in global trade.
As the CBN's governor, Olayemi Cardoso, emphasizes, these transformations not only address present inefficiencies but also lay a foundation for future economic resilience.
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